Want to carry on what your child is learning in their ABA therapy? Here are some top tips when delivering the instructions to help increase the likelihood of your child giving the correct response.
想於家裡繼續為你的孩子進行ABA訓練？以下是有助孩子正確回應指令的6個小貼士。
Know your child’s level
了解孩子的程度
Start off with giving short and simple instructions. When you are at the initial stages of teaching or when introducing new instructions, it is easier for the child to understand the instructions. Gradually over time you can lengthen your instructions.
先以簡短、容易的指令開始會使孩子更容易明白。當孩子掌握指令後，你便可以逐漸增加難度。
Pick a few instructions to work on
集中訓練指令
Choose a few instructions to consolidate to increase successful response rather than working on too many at once.
選擇某幾個指令集中訓練以提升成功率，這樣比同時學習多個指令更為有效。
At first use consistent instructions then vary
開始時用固定指令，期後逐漸變更
Only at the initial stage or when introducing new instructions, make sure the presentation of your instructions is consistent. When your child does not give a response or gives an incorrect answer, avoid changing your instructions to try elicit a response you are looking for as this may confuse your child.
於初始階段確保你給予一致的指令。當孩子沒有或未能正確回應時，你應避免更改指令以免使孩子感到混淆。
Once your child has mastered giving the correct response to the specific instructions, it is time to vary your instructions and to generalize to different settings and activities. It would be best if you insert your instructions during different activities.
當孩子學懂對特定指令作出正確回應後，你可變更指令並將其泛化至其他環境。最佳的做法是在不同的活動中加插指令。
Avoid repeating instructions
避免重覆指令
Repeated instructions may cause your child’s attention to drop.
Provide prompt right away when your child makes a mistake or does not respond to ensure that immediate feedback is given to the child.
重覆地作出相同指令會令孩子的注意力下降。若孩子未有正確回應時，應馬上給予孩子輔助并及時反饋。
Avoid constantly including child’s name in the instructions
避免在指令前加上名字
Although it may seem common to call your child’s name to get their attention before giving the instructions, this is not recommended as over time your child will selectively respond to your instructions only when you call their name.
經常用孩子的名字獲取他們的注意再作出指令，會令孩子對此產生依賴，選擇在聽到自己的名字後才回應。
Have the reinforcer ready 準備增強物
One way to get your child’s attention instead of calling your child’s name is to have your child’s reinforcer nearby. Make sure the reinforcer is strong as it will not only motivate him or her to pay attention to your instructions but also motivate your child to give the correct response.
其中一個取得孩子注意及增加學習動機的方法是使用有效的增強物，鼓勵孩子留意指令及作出正確回應。
